Byte Struktur

Definisi

public value class System::Byte : IComparable, IComparable<System::Byte>, IConvertible, IEquatable<System::Byte>, IFormattable

public value class System::Byte : IComparable<System::Byte>, IConvertible, IEquatable<System::Byte>, IParsable<System::Byte>, ISpanParsable<System::Byte>, IUtf8SpanParsable<System::Byte>, System::Numerics::IAdditionOperators<System::Byte, System::Byte, System::Byte>, System::Numerics::IAdditiveIdentity<System::Byte, System::Byte>, System::Numerics::IBinaryInteger<System::Byte>, System::Numerics::IBinaryNumber<System::Byte>, System::Numerics::IBitwiseOperators<System::Byte, System::Byte, System::Byte>, System::Numerics::IComparisonOperators<System::Byte, System::Byte, bool>, System::Numerics::IDecrementOperators<System::Byte>, System::Numerics::IDivisionOperators<System::Byte, System::Byte, System::Byte>, System::Numerics::IEqualityOperators<System::Byte, System::Byte, bool>, System::Numerics::IIncrementOperators<System::Byte>, System::Numerics::IMinMaxValue<System::Byte>, System::Numerics::IModulusOperators<System::Byte, System::Byte, System::Byte>, System::Numerics::IMultiplicativeIdentity<System::Byte, System::Byte>, System::Numerics::IMultiplyOperators<System::Byte, System::Byte, System::Byte>, System::Numerics::INumber<System::Byte>, System::Numerics::INumberBase<System::Byte>, System::Numerics::IShiftOperators<System::Byte, int, System::Byte>, System::Numerics::ISubtractionOperators<System::Byte, System::Byte, System::Byte>, System::Numerics::IUnaryNegationOperators<System::Byte, System::Byte>, System::Numerics::IUnaryPlusOperators<System::Byte, System::Byte>, System::Numerics::IUnsignedNumber<System::Byte>

public value class System::Byte : IComparable, IComparable<System::Byte>, IConvertible, IEquatable<System::Byte>, ISpanFormattable

public value class System::Byte : IComparable<System::Byte>, IConvertible, IEquatable<System::Byte>, IParsable<System::Byte>, ISpanParsable<System::Byte>, System::Numerics::IAdditionOperators<System::Byte, System::Byte, System::Byte>, System::Numerics::IAdditiveIdentity<System::Byte, System::Byte>, System::Numerics::IBinaryInteger<System::Byte>, System::Numerics::IBinaryNumber<System::Byte>, System::Numerics::IBitwiseOperators<System::Byte, System::Byte, System::Byte>, System::Numerics::IComparisonOperators<System::Byte, System::Byte, bool>, System::Numerics::IDecrementOperators<System::Byte>, System::Numerics::IDivisionOperators<System::Byte, System::Byte, System::Byte>, System::Numerics::IEqualityOperators<System::Byte, System::Byte, bool>, System::Numerics::IIncrementOperators<System::Byte>, System::Numerics::IMinMaxValue<System::Byte>, System::Numerics::IModulusOperators<System::Byte, System::Byte, System::Byte>, System::Numerics::IMultiplicativeIdentity<System::Byte, System::Byte>, System::Numerics::IMultiplyOperators<System::Byte, System::Byte, System::Byte>, System::Numerics::INumber<System::Byte>, System::Numerics::INumberBase<System::Byte>, System::Numerics::IShiftOperators<System::Byte, int, System::Byte>, System::Numerics::ISubtractionOperators<System::Byte, System::Byte, System::Byte>, System::Numerics::IUnaryNegationOperators<System::Byte, System::Byte>, System::Numerics::IUnaryPlusOperators<System::Byte, System::Byte>, System::Numerics::IUnsignedNumber<System::Byte>

public value class System::Byte : IComparable, IConvertible, IFormattable

public value class System::Byte : IComparable, IComparable<System::Byte>, IEquatable<System::Byte>, IFormattable

public struct Byte : IComparable, IComparable<byte>, IConvertible, IEquatable<byte>, IFormattable

public readonly struct Byte : IComparable<byte>, IConvertible, IEquatable<byte>, IParsable<byte>, ISpanParsable<byte>, IUtf8SpanParsable<byte>, System.Numerics.IAdditionOperators<byte,byte,byte>, System.Numerics.IAdditiveIdentity<byte,byte>, System.Numerics.IBinaryInteger<byte>, System.Numerics.IBinaryNumber<byte>, System.Numerics.IBitwiseOperators<byte,byte,byte>, System.Numerics.IComparisonOperators<byte,byte,bool>, System.Numerics.IDecrementOperators<byte>, System.Numerics.IDivisionOperators<byte,byte,byte>, System.Numerics.IEqualityOperators<byte,byte,bool>, System.Numerics.IIncrementOperators<byte>, System.Numerics.IMinMaxValue<byte>, System.Numerics.IModulusOperators<byte,byte,byte>, System.Numerics.IMultiplicativeIdentity<byte,byte>, System.Numerics.IMultiplyOperators<byte,byte,byte>, System.Numerics.INumber<byte>, System.Numerics.INumberBase<byte>, System.Numerics.IShiftOperators<byte,int,byte>, System.Numerics.ISubtractionOperators<byte,byte,byte>, System.Numerics.IUnaryNegationOperators<byte,byte>, System.Numerics.IUnaryPlusOperators<byte,byte>, System.Numerics.IUnsignedNumber<byte>

public readonly struct Byte : IComparable, IComparable<byte>, IConvertible, IEquatable<byte>, IFormattable

public readonly struct Byte : IComparable, IComparable<byte>, IConvertible, IEquatable<byte>, ISpanFormattable

public readonly struct Byte : IComparable<byte>, IConvertible, IEquatable<byte>, IParsable<byte>, ISpanParsable<byte>, System.Numerics.IAdditionOperators<byte,byte,byte>, System.Numerics.IAdditiveIdentity<byte,byte>, System.Numerics.IBinaryInteger<byte>, System.Numerics.IBinaryNumber<byte>, System.Numerics.IBitwiseOperators<byte,byte,byte>, System.Numerics.IComparisonOperators<byte,byte,bool>, System.Numerics.IDecrementOperators<byte>, System.Numerics.IDivisionOperators<byte,byte,byte>, System.Numerics.IEqualityOperators<byte,byte,bool>, System.Numerics.IIncrementOperators<byte>, System.Numerics.IMinMaxValue<byte>, System.Numerics.IModulusOperators<byte,byte,byte>, System.Numerics.IMultiplicativeIdentity<byte,byte>, System.Numerics.IMultiplyOperators<byte,byte,byte>, System.Numerics.INumber<byte>, System.Numerics.INumberBase<byte>, System.Numerics.IShiftOperators<byte,int,byte>, System.Numerics.ISubtractionOperators<byte,byte,byte>, System.Numerics.IUnaryNegationOperators<byte,byte>, System.Numerics.IUnaryPlusOperators<byte,byte>, System.Numerics.IUnsignedNumber<byte>

[System.Serializable]
public struct Byte : IComparable, IConvertible, IFormattable

[System.Serializable]
[System.Runtime.InteropServices.ComVisible(true)]
public struct Byte : IComparable, IComparable<byte>, IConvertible, IEquatable<byte>, IFormattable

public struct Byte : IComparable, IComparable<byte>, IEquatable<byte>, IFormattable

type byte = struct
    interface IConvertible
    interface IFormattable

type byte = struct
    interface IConvertible
    interface IFormattable
    interface IParsable<byte>
    interface ISpanFormattable
    interface ISpanParsable<byte>
    interface IUtf8SpanFormattable
    interface IUtf8SpanParsable<byte>
    interface IAdditionOperators<byte, byte, byte>
    interface IAdditiveIdentity<byte, byte>
    interface IBinaryInteger<byte>
    interface IBinaryNumber<byte>
    interface IBitwiseOperators<byte, byte, byte>
    interface IComparisonOperators<byte, byte, bool>
    interface IEqualityOperators<byte, byte, bool>
    interface IDecrementOperators<byte>
    interface IDivisionOperators<byte, byte, byte>
    interface IIncrementOperators<byte>
    interface IModulusOperators<byte, byte, byte>
    interface IMultiplicativeIdentity<byte, byte>
    interface IMultiplyOperators<byte, byte, byte>
    interface INumber<byte>
    interface INumberBase<byte>
    interface ISubtractionOperators<byte, byte, byte>
    interface IUnaryNegationOperators<byte, byte>
    interface IUnaryPlusOperators<byte, byte>
    interface IShiftOperators<byte, int, byte>
    interface IMinMaxValue<byte>
    interface IUnsignedNumber<byte>

type byte = struct
    interface IConvertible
    interface ISpanFormattable
    interface IFormattable

type byte = struct
    interface IConvertible
    interface IFormattable
    interface IParsable<byte>
    interface ISpanFormattable
    interface ISpanParsable<byte>
    interface IAdditionOperators<byte, byte, byte>
    interface IAdditiveIdentity<byte, byte>
    interface IBinaryInteger<byte>
    interface IBinaryNumber<byte>
    interface IBitwiseOperators<byte, byte, byte>
    interface IComparisonOperators<byte, byte, bool>
    interface IEqualityOperators<byte, byte, bool>
    interface IDecrementOperators<byte>
    interface IDivisionOperators<byte, byte, byte>
    interface IIncrementOperators<byte>
    interface IModulusOperators<byte, byte, byte>
    interface IMultiplicativeIdentity<byte, byte>
    interface IMultiplyOperators<byte, byte, byte>
    interface INumber<byte>
    interface INumberBase<byte>
    interface ISubtractionOperators<byte, byte, byte>
    interface IUnaryNegationOperators<byte, byte>
    interface IUnaryPlusOperators<byte, byte>
    interface IShiftOperators<byte, int, byte>
    interface IMinMaxValue<byte>
    interface IUnsignedNumber<byte>

type byte = struct
    interface IConvertible
    interface IFormattable
    interface IParsable<byte>
    interface ISpanFormattable
    interface ISpanParsable<byte>
    interface IAdditionOperators<byte, byte, byte>
    interface IAdditiveIdentity<byte, byte>
    interface IBinaryInteger<byte>
    interface IBinaryNumber<byte>
    interface IBitwiseOperators<byte, byte, byte>
    interface IComparisonOperators<byte, byte, bool>
    interface IEqualityOperators<byte, byte, bool>
    interface IDecrementOperators<byte>
    interface IDivisionOperators<byte, byte, byte>
    interface IIncrementOperators<byte>
    interface IModulusOperators<byte, byte, byte>
    interface IMultiplicativeIdentity<byte, byte>
    interface IMultiplyOperators<byte, byte, byte>
    interface INumber<byte>
    interface INumberBase<byte>
    interface ISubtractionOperators<byte, byte, byte>
    interface IUnaryNegationOperators<byte, byte>
    interface IUnaryPlusOperators<byte, byte>
    interface IUtf8SpanFormattable
    interface IUtf8SpanParsable<byte>
    interface IShiftOperators<byte, int, byte>
    interface IMinMaxValue<byte>
    interface IUnsignedNumber<byte>

[<System.Serializable>]
type byte = struct
    interface IFormattable
    interface IConvertible

[<System.Serializable>]
[<System.Runtime.InteropServices.ComVisible(true)>]
type byte = struct
    interface IFormattable
    interface IConvertible

type byte = struct
    interface IFormattable

Public Structure Byte
Implements IComparable, IComparable(Of Byte), IConvertible, IEquatable(Of Byte), IFormattable

Public Structure Byte
Implements IAdditionOperators(Of Byte, Byte, Byte), IAdditiveIdentity(Of Byte, Byte), IBinaryInteger(Of Byte), IBinaryNumber(Of Byte), IBitwiseOperators(Of Byte, Byte, Byte), IComparable(Of Byte), IComparisonOperators(Of Byte, Byte, Boolean), IConvertible, IDecrementOperators(Of Byte), IDivisionOperators(Of Byte, Byte, Byte), IEqualityOperators(Of Byte, Byte, Boolean), IEquatable(Of Byte), IIncrementOperators(Of Byte), IMinMaxValue(Of Byte), IModulusOperators(Of Byte, Byte, Byte), IMultiplicativeIdentity(Of Byte, Byte), IMultiplyOperators(Of Byte, Byte, Byte), INumber(Of Byte), INumberBase(Of Byte), IParsable(Of Byte), IShiftOperators(Of Byte, Integer, Byte), ISpanParsable(Of Byte), ISubtractionOperators(Of Byte, Byte, Byte), IUnaryNegationOperators(Of Byte, Byte), IUnaryPlusOperators(Of Byte, Byte), IUnsignedNumber(Of Byte), IUtf8SpanParsable(Of Byte)

Public Structure Byte
Implements IComparable, IComparable(Of Byte), IConvertible, IEquatable(Of Byte), ISpanFormattable

Public Structure Byte
Implements IAdditionOperators(Of Byte, Byte, Byte), IAdditiveIdentity(Of Byte, Byte), IBinaryInteger(Of Byte), IBinaryNumber(Of Byte), IBitwiseOperators(Of Byte, Byte, Byte), IComparable(Of Byte), IComparisonOperators(Of Byte, Byte, Boolean), IConvertible, IDecrementOperators(Of Byte), IDivisionOperators(Of Byte, Byte, Byte), IEqualityOperators(Of Byte, Byte, Boolean), IEquatable(Of Byte), IIncrementOperators(Of Byte), IMinMaxValue(Of Byte), IModulusOperators(Of Byte, Byte, Byte), IMultiplicativeIdentity(Of Byte, Byte), IMultiplyOperators(Of Byte, Byte, Byte), INumber(Of Byte), INumberBase(Of Byte), IParsable(Of Byte), IShiftOperators(Of Byte, Integer, Byte), ISpanParsable(Of Byte), ISubtractionOperators(Of Byte, Byte, Byte), IUnaryNegationOperators(Of Byte, Byte), IUnaryPlusOperators(Of Byte, Byte), IUnsignedNumber(Of Byte)

Public Structure Byte
Implements IComparable, IConvertible, IFormattable

Public Structure Byte
Implements IComparable, IComparable(Of Byte), IEquatable(Of Byte), IFormattable

Warisan

Object

ValueType

Byte

Atribut

SerializableAttribute ComVisibleAttribute

Penerapan

IComparable IComparable<Byte> IConvertible IEquatable<Byte> IFormattable IComparable<TSelf> IEquatable<TSelf> IParsable<Byte> IParsable<TSelf> ISpanFormattable ISpanParsable<Byte> ISpanParsable<TSelf> IUtf8SpanFormattable IUtf8SpanParsable<Byte> IUtf8SpanParsable<TSelf> IAdditionOperators<Byte,Byte,Byte> IAdditionOperators<TSelf,TSelf,TSelf> IAdditiveIdentity<Byte,Byte> IAdditiveIdentity<TSelf,TSelf> IBinaryInteger<Byte> IBinaryNumber<Byte> IBinaryNumber<TSelf> IBitwiseOperators<Byte,Byte,Byte> IBitwiseOperators<TSelf,TSelf,TSelf> IComparisonOperators<Byte,Byte,Boolean> IComparisonOperators<TSelf,TSelf,Boolean> IDecrementOperators<Byte> IDecrementOperators<TSelf> IDivisionOperators<Byte,Byte,Byte> IDivisionOperators<TSelf,TSelf,TSelf> IEqualityOperators<Byte,Byte,Boolean> IEqualityOperators<TSelf,TOther,TResult> IEqualityOperators<TSelf,TSelf,Boolean> IIncrementOperators<Byte> IIncrementOperators<TSelf> IMinMaxValue<Byte> IModulusOperators<Byte,Byte,Byte> IModulusOperators<TSelf,TSelf,TSelf> IMultiplicativeIdentity<Byte,Byte> IMultiplicativeIdentity<TSelf,TSelf> IMultiplyOperators<Byte,Byte,Byte> IMultiplyOperators<TSelf,TSelf,TSelf> INumber<Byte> INumber<TSelf> INumberBase<Byte> INumberBase<TSelf> IShiftOperators<Byte,Int32,Byte> IShiftOperators<TSelf,Int32,TSelf> ISubtractionOperators<Byte,Byte,Byte> ISubtractionOperators<TSelf,TSelf,TSelf> IUnaryNegationOperators<Byte,Byte> IUnaryNegationOperators<TSelf,TSelf> IUnaryPlusOperators<Byte,Byte> IUnaryPlusOperators<TSelf,TSelf> IUnsignedNumber<Byte>

Keterangan

Byte adalah tipe nilai yang tidak dapat diubah yang mewakili bilangan bulat yang tidak ditandatangani dengan nilai yang berkisar dari 0 (yang diwakili oleh konstanta Byte.MinValue) hingga 255 (yang diwakili oleh konstanta Byte.MaxValue). .NET juga menyertakan jenis nilai bilangan bulat 8-bit yang ditandatangani, SByte, yang mewakili nilai yang berkisar dari -128 hingga 127.

Menginstansiasi nilai Byte

Anda dapat menginisiasi nilai Byte dengan beberapa cara:

• Anda dapat mendeklarasikan variabel Byte dan menetapkannya nilai bilangan bulat harfiah yang berada dalam rentang jenis data Byte. Contoh berikut mendeklarasikan dua variabel Byte dan menetapkan nilainya dengan cara ini.

  byte value1 = 64;
  byte value2 = 255;
  

  let value1 = 64uy
  let value2 = 255uy
  

  Dim value1 As Byte = 64
  Dim value2 As Byte = 255
  

• Anda dapat menetapkan nilai numerik non-byte ke byte. Ini adalah konversi yang mempersempit, sehingga memerlukan operator cast di C# dan F#, atau metode konversi di Visual Basic jika Option Strict aktif. Jika nilai non-byte adalah nilai Single, Double, atau Decimal yang menyertakan komponen pecahan, penanganan bagian pecahannya tergantung pada pengkompilasi yang melakukan konversi. Contoh berikut menetapkan beberapa nilai numerik ke variabel Byte.

  int int1 = 128;
  try
  {
      byte value1 = (byte)int1;
      Console.WriteLine(value1);
  }
  catch (OverflowException)
  {
      Console.WriteLine($"{int1} is out of range of a byte.");
  }
  
  double dbl2 = 3.997;
  try
  {
      byte value2 = (byte)dbl2;
      Console.WriteLine(value2);
  }
  catch (OverflowException)
  {
      Console.WriteLine($"{dbl2} is out of range of a byte.");
  }
  // The example displays the following output:
  //       128
  //       3
  

  let int1 = 128
  try
      let value1 = byte int1
      printfn $"{value1}"
  with :? OverflowException ->
      printfn $"{int1} is out of range of a byte."
  
  let dbl2 = 3.997
  try
      let value2 = byte dbl2
      printfn $"{value2}"
  with :? OverflowException ->
      printfn $"{dbl2} is out of range of a byte."
  
  // The example displays the following output:
  //       128
  //       3
  

  Dim int1 As Integer = 128
  Try
      Dim value1 As Byte = CByte(int1)
      Console.WriteLine(value1)
  Catch e As OverflowException
      Console.WriteLine("{0} is out of range of a byte.", int1)
  End Try
  
  Dim dbl2 As Double = 3.997
  Try
      Dim value2 As Byte = CByte(dbl2)
      Console.WriteLine(value2)
  Catch e As OverflowException
      Console.WriteLine("{0} is out of range of a byte.", dbl2)
  End Try
  ' The example displays the following output:
  '       128
  '       4
  

• Anda dapat memanggil metode kelas Convert untuk mengonversi jenis yang didukung menjadi nilai Byte. Ini dimungkinkan karena Byte mendukung antarmuka IConvertible. Contoh berikut mengilustrasikan konversi array nilai Int32 ke nilai Byte.

  int[] numbers = { Int32.MinValue, -1, 0, 121, 340, Int32.MaxValue };
  byte result;
  foreach (int number in numbers)
  {
     try {
        result = Convert.ToByte(number);
        Console.WriteLine("Converted the {0} value {1} to the {2} value {3}.",
                          number.GetType().Name, number,
                          result.GetType().Name, result);
     }
     catch (OverflowException) {
        Console.WriteLine("The {0} value {1} is outside the range of the Byte type.",
                          number.GetType().Name, number);
     }
  }
  // The example displays the following output:
  //       The Int32 value -2147483648 is outside the range of the Byte type.
  //       The Int32 value -1 is outside the range of the Byte type.
  //       Converted the Int32 value 0 to the Byte value 0.
  //       Converted the Int32 value 121 to the Byte value 121.
  //       The Int32 value 340 is outside the range of the Byte type.
  //       The Int32 value 2147483647 is outside the range of the Byte type.
  

  let numbers = [| Int32.MinValue; -1; 0; 121; 340; Int32.MaxValue |]
  for number in numbers do
      try
          let result = Convert.ToByte number
          printfn $"Converted the {number.GetType().Name} value {number} to the {result.GetType().Name} value {result}."
      with :? OverflowException ->
          printfn $"The {number.GetType().Name} value {number} is outside the range of the Byte type."
  // The example displays the following output:
  //       The Int32 value -2147483648 is outside the range of the Byte type.
  //       The Int32 value -1 is outside the range of the Byte type.
  //       Converted the Int32 value 0 to the Byte value 0.
  //       Converted the Int32 value 121 to the Byte value 121.
  //       The Int32 value 340 is outside the range of the Byte type.
  //       The Int32 value 2147483647 is outside the range of the Byte type.
  

  Dim numbers() As Integer = {Int32.MinValue, -1, 0, 121, 340, Int32.MaxValue}
  Dim result As Byte
  For Each number As Integer In numbers
      Try
          result = Convert.ToByte(number)
          Console.WriteLine("Converted the {0} value {1} to the {2} value {3}.",
                        number.GetType().Name, number,
                        result.GetType().Name, result)
      Catch e As OverflowException
          Console.WriteLine("The {0} value {1} is outside the range of the Byte type.",
                        number.GetType().Name, number)
      End Try
  Next
  ' The example displays the following output:
  '       The Int32 value -2147483648 is outside the range of the Byte type.
  '       The Int32 value -1 is outside the range of the Byte type.
  '       Converted the Int32 value 0 to the Byte value 0.
  '       Converted the Int32 value 121 to the Byte value 121.
  '       The Int32 value 340 is outside the range of the Byte type.
  '       The Int32 value 2147483647 is outside the range of the Byte type.
  

• Anda dapat memanggil metode Parse atau TryParse untuk mengonversi representasi string dari nilai Byte menjadi Byte. String dapat berisi digit desimal atau heksadesimal. Contoh berikut mengilustrasikan operasi penguraian dengan menggunakan string desimal dan heksadesimal.

  string string1 = "244";
  try
  {
      byte byte1 = Byte.Parse(string1);
      Console.WriteLine(byte1);
  }
  catch (OverflowException)
  {
      Console.WriteLine($"'{string1}' is out of range of a byte.");
  }
  catch (FormatException)
  {
      Console.WriteLine($"'{string1}' is out of range of a byte.");
  }
  
  string string2 = "F9";
  try
  {
      byte byte2 = Byte.Parse(string2,
                              System.Globalization.NumberStyles.HexNumber);
      Console.WriteLine(byte2);
  }
  catch (OverflowException)
  {
      Console.WriteLine($"'{string2}' is out of range of a byte.");
  }
  catch (FormatException)
  {
      Console.WriteLine($"'{string2}' is out of range of a byte.");
  }
  // The example displays the following output:
  //       244
  //       249
  

  let string1 = "244"
  try
      let byte1 = Byte.Parse string1
      printfn $"{byte1}" 
  with
  | :? OverflowException ->
      printfn $"'{string1}' is out of range of a byte."
  | :? FormatException ->
      printfn $"'{string1}' is out of range of a byte."
  
  let string2 = "F9"
  try
      let byte2 = Byte.Parse(string2, System.Globalization.NumberStyles.HexNumber)
      printfn $"{byte2}"
  with
  | :? OverflowException ->
      printfn $"'{string2}' is out of range of a byte."
  | :? FormatException ->
      printfn $"'{string2}' is out of range of a byte."
  
  // The example displays the following output:
  //       244
  //       249
  

  Dim string1 As String = "244"
  Try
      Dim byte1 As Byte = Byte.Parse(string1)
      Console.WriteLine(byte1)
  Catch e As OverflowException
      Console.WriteLine("'{0}' is out of range of a byte.", string1)
  Catch e As FormatException
      Console.WriteLine("'{0}' is out of range of a byte.", string1)
  End Try
  
  Dim string2 As String = "F9"
  Try
      Dim byte2 As Byte = Byte.Parse(string2,
                             System.Globalization.NumberStyles.HexNumber)
      Console.WriteLine(byte2)
  Catch e As OverflowException
      Console.WriteLine("'{0}' is out of range of a byte.", string2)
  Catch e As FormatException
      Console.WriteLine("'{0}' is out of range of a byte.", string2)
  End Try
  ' The example displays the following output:
  '       244
  '       249
  

Melakukan operasi pada nilai Byte

Jenis Byte mendukung operasi matematika standar seperti penambahan, pengurangan, pembagian, perkalian, pengurangan, negasi, dan negasi unary. Seperti tipe integral lainnya, tipe Byte juga mendukung operator bitwise AND, OR, XOR, shift kiri, dan shift kanan.

Anda dapat menggunakan operator numerik standar untuk membandingkan dua nilai Byte, atau Anda dapat memanggil metode CompareTo atau Equals.

Anda juga dapat memanggil anggota kelas Math untuk melakukan berbagai operasi numerik, termasuk mendapatkan nilai absolut angka, menghitung kuota dan sisanya dari pembagian integral, menentukan nilai maksimum atau minimum dua bilangan bulat, mendapatkan tanda angka, dan membulatkan angka.

Mewakili Byte sebagai String

Jenis Byte menyediakan dukungan penuh untuk string format numerik standar dan kustom. (Untuk informasi selengkapnya, lihat Jenis Pemformatan, String Format Numerik Standar, dan String Format Numerik Kustom.) Namun, yang paling umum, nilai byte direpresentasikan sebagai nilai satu digit ke tiga digit tanpa pemformatan tambahan, atau sebagai nilai heksadesimal dua digit.

Untuk memformat nilai Byte sebagai string integral tanpa nol di depannya, Anda dapat memanggil metode ToString() tanpa parameter. Dengan menggunakan penentu format "D", Anda juga dapat menyertakan jumlah nol di depan tertentu dalam representasi string. Dengan menggunakan penentu format "X", Anda dapat mewakili nilai Byte sebagai string heksadesimal. Contoh berikut memformat elemen dalam array nilai Byte dengan tiga cara ini.

byte[] numbers = [ 0, 16, 104, 213 ];
foreach (byte number in numbers)
{
    // Display value using default formatting.
    Console.Write("{0,-3}  -->   ", number.ToString());
    // Display value with 3 digits and leading zeros.
    Console.Write(number.ToString("D3") + "   ");
    // Display value with hexadecimal.
    Console.Write(number.ToString("X2") + "   ");
    // Display value with four hexadecimal digits.
    Console.WriteLine(number.ToString("X4"));
}
// The example displays the following output:
//       0    -->   000   00   0000
//       16   -->   016   10   0010
//       104  -->   104   68   0068
//       213  -->   213   D5   00D5

let numbers = [| 0; 16; 104; 213 |]
for number in numbers do
    // Display value using default formatting.
    number.ToString()
    |> printf "%-3s  -->   "

    // Display value with 3 digits and leading zeros.
    number.ToString "D3"
    |> printf "%s   "
    
    // Display value with hexadecimal.
    number.ToString "X2"
    |> printf "%s   "
    
    // Display value with four hexadecimal digits.
    number.ToString "X4"
    |> printfn "%s"

// The example displays the following output:
//       0    -->   000   00   0000
//       16   -->   016   10   0010
//       104  -->   104   68   0068
//       213  -->   213   D5   00D5

Dim numbers() As Byte = {0, 16, 104, 213}
For Each number As Byte In numbers
    ' Display value using default formatting.
    Console.Write("{0,-3}  -->   ", number.ToString())
    ' Display value with 3 digits and leading zeros.
    Console.Write(number.ToString("D3") + "   ")
    ' Display value with hexadecimal.
    Console.Write(number.ToString("X2") + "   ")
    ' Display value with four hexadecimal digits.
    Console.WriteLine(number.ToString("X4"))
Next
' The example displays the following output:
'       0    -->   000   00   0000
'       16   -->   016   10   0010
'       104  -->   104   68   0068
'       213  -->   213   D5   00D5

Anda juga dapat memformat nilai Byte sebagai string biner, oktal, desimal, atau heksadesimal dengan memanggil metode ToString(Byte, Int32) dan menyediakan basis sebagai parameter kedua metode. Contoh berikut memanggil metode ini untuk menampilkan representasi biner, oktal, dan heksadesimal dari array nilai byte.

byte[] numbers = { 0, 16, 104, 213 };
Console.WriteLine("{0}   {1,8}   {2,5}   {3,5}",
                  "Value", "Binary", "Octal", "Hex");
foreach (byte number in numbers)
{
    Console.WriteLine("{0,5}   {1,8}   {2,5}   {3,5}",
                      number, Convert.ToString(number, 2),
                      Convert.ToString(number, 8),
                      Convert.ToString(number, 16));
}
// The example displays the following output:
//       Value     Binary   Octal     Hex
//           0          0       0       0
//          16      10000      20      10
//         104    1101000     150      68
//         213   11010101     325      d5

let numbers = [| 0; 16; 104; 213 |]
printfn "%s   %8s   %5s   %5s" "Value" "Binary" "Octal" "Hex"
for number in numbers do
    printfn $"%5i{number}   %8s{Convert.ToString(number, 2)}   %5s{Convert.ToString(number, 8)}   %5s{Convert.ToString(number, 16)}"
                    
// The example displays the following output:
//       Value     Binary   Octal     Hex
//           0          0       0       0
//          16      10000      20      10
//         104    1101000     150      68
//         213   11010101     325      d5

Dim numbers() As Byte = {0, 16, 104, 213}
Console.WriteLine("{0}   {1,8}   {2,5}   {3,5}",
                "Value", "Binary", "Octal", "Hex")
For Each number As Byte In numbers
    Console.WriteLine("{0,5}   {1,8}   {2,5}   {3,5}",
                   number, Convert.ToString(number, 2),
                   Convert.ToString(number, 8),
                   Convert.ToString(number, 16))
Next
' The example displays the following output:
'       Value     Binary   Octal     Hex
'           0          0       0       0
'          16      10000      20      10
'         104    1101000     150      68
'         213   11010101     325      d5

Bekerja dengan nilai Byte non-desimal

Selain bekerja dengan byte individual sebagai nilai desimal, Anda mungkin ingin melakukan operasi bitwise dengan nilai byte, atau bekerja dengan array byte atau dengan representasi biner atau heksadesimal dari nilai byte. Misalnya, kelebihan beban metode BitConverter.GetBytes dapat mengonversi masing-masing jenis data primitif menjadi array byte, dan metode BigInteger.ToByteArray mengonversi nilai BigInteger menjadi array byte.

Nilai Byte dinyatakan dalam 8 bit hanya dengan besarnya, tanpa bit tanda. Ini penting untuk diingat ketika Anda melakukan operasi bitwise pada nilai Byte atau ketika Anda bekerja dengan bit individual. Untuk melakukan operasi numerik, Boolean, atau perbandingan pada dua nilai non-desimal, kedua nilai harus menggunakan representasi yang sama.

Saat operasi dilakukan pada dua nilai Byte, nilai berbagi representasi yang sama, sehingga hasilnya akurat. Ini diilustrasikan dalam contoh berikut, yang menutupi bit urutan terendah dari nilai Byte untuk memastikan bahwa itu merata.

using System;
using System.Globalization;

public class Example
{
   public static void Main()
   {
      string[] values = [ Convert.ToString(12, 16),
                          Convert.ToString(123, 16),
                          Convert.ToString(245, 16) ];

      byte mask = 0xFE;
      foreach (string value in values) {
         Byte byteValue = Byte.Parse(value, NumberStyles.AllowHexSpecifier);
         Console.WriteLine($"{byteValue} And {mask} = {byteValue & mask}");
      }
   }
}
// The example displays the following output:
//       12 And 254 = 12
//       123 And 254 = 122
//       245 And 254 = 244

open System
open System.Globalization

let values = 
    [ Convert.ToString(12, 16)
      Convert.ToString(123, 16)
      Convert.ToString(245, 16) ]

let mask = 0xFEuy
for value in values do
    let byteValue = Byte.Parse(value, NumberStyles.AllowHexSpecifier)
    printfn $"{byteValue} And {mask} = {byteValue &&& mask}"
                    

// The example displays the following output:
//       12 And 254 = 12
//       123 And 254 = 122
//       245 And 254 = 244

Imports System.Globalization

Module Example1
    Public Sub Main()
        Dim values() As String = {Convert.ToString(12, 16),
                                 Convert.ToString(123, 16),
                                 Convert.ToString(245, 16)}

        Dim mask As Byte = &HFE
        For Each value As String In values
            Dim byteValue As Byte = Byte.Parse(value, NumberStyles.AllowHexSpecifier)
            Console.WriteLine("{0} And {1} = {2}", byteValue, mask,
                           byteValue And mask)
        Next
    End Sub
End Module
' The example displays the following output:
'       12 And 254 = 12
'       123 And 254 = 122
'       245 And 254 = 244

Di sisi lain, ketika Anda bekerja dengan bit yang tidak ditandatangani dan ditandatangani, operasi bit-bit menjadi rumit karena nilai SByte menggunakan representasi tanda dan besarnya untuk nilai positif, dan representasi pelengkap dua untuk nilai negatif. Untuk melakukan operasi bitwise yang bermakna, nilai harus dikonversi ke dua representasi yang setara, dan informasi tentang bit tanda harus dipertahankan. Contoh berikut melakukan ini untuk menghilangkan bit 2 dan 4 dari array nilai 8-bit bertanda dan tidak bertanda.

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Globalization;

public struct ByteString
{
    public string Value;
    public int Sign;
}

public class BSExample1
{
    public static void Main()
    {
        ByteString[] values = CreateArray(-15, 123, 245);

        byte mask = 0x14;        // Mask all bits but 2 and 4.

        foreach (ByteString strValue in values)
        {
            byte byteValue = Byte.Parse(strValue.Value, NumberStyles.AllowHexSpecifier);
            Console.WriteLine($"{strValue.Sign * byteValue} ({Convert.ToString(byteValue, 2)}) And {mask} ({Convert.ToString(mask, 2)}) = {(strValue.Sign & Math.Sign(mask)) * (byteValue & mask)} ({Convert.ToString(byteValue & mask, 2)})");
        }
    }

    private static ByteString[] CreateArray(params int[] values)
    {
        List<ByteString> byteStrings = new();

        foreach (object value in values)
        {
            ByteString temp = new ByteString();
            int sign = Math.Sign((int)value);
            temp.Sign = sign;

            // Change two's complement to magnitude-only representation.
            temp.Value = Convert.ToString(((int)value) * sign, 16);

            byteStrings.Add(temp);
        }
        return byteStrings.ToArray();
    }
}
// The example displays the following output:
//       -15 (1111) And 20 (10100) = 4 (100)
//       123 (1111011) And 20 (10100) = 16 (10000)
//       245 (11110101) And 20 (10100) = 20 (10100)

open System
open System.Collections.Generic
open System.Globalization

[<Struct>]
type ByteString =
    { Sign: int
      Value: string }

let createArray values =
    [ for value in values do
        let sign = sign value
        { Sign = sign
         // Change two's complement to magnitude-only representation.
          Value = Convert.ToString(value * sign, 16)} ]


let values = createArray [ -15; 123; 245 ]

let mask = 0x14uy        // Mask all bits but 2 and 4.

for strValue in values do
    let byteValue = Byte.Parse(strValue.Value, NumberStyles.AllowHexSpecifier)
    printfn $"{strValue.Sign * int byteValue} ({Convert.ToString(byteValue, 2)}) And {mask} ({Convert.ToString(mask, 2)}) = {(strValue.Sign &&& (int mask |> sign)) * int (byteValue &&& mask)} ({Convert.ToString(byteValue &&& mask, 2)})"

// The example displays the following output:
//       -15 (1111) And 20 (10100) = 4 (100)
//       123 (1111011) And 20 (10100) = 16 (10000)
//       245 (11110101) And 20 (10100) = 20 (10100)

Imports System.Collections.Generic
Imports System.Globalization

Public Structure ByteString
   Public Value As String
   Public Sign As Integer
End Structure

Module Example2
    Public Sub Main()
        Dim values() As ByteString = CreateArray(-15, 123, 245)

        Dim mask As Byte = &H14        ' Mask all bits but 2 and 4.

        For Each strValue As ByteString In values
            Dim byteValue As Byte = Byte.Parse(strValue.Value, NumberStyles.AllowHexSpecifier)
            Console.WriteLine("{0} ({1}) And {2} ({3}) = {4} ({5})",
                           strValue.Sign * byteValue,
                           Convert.ToString(byteValue, 2),
                           mask, Convert.ToString(mask, 2),
                           (strValue.Sign And Math.Sign(mask)) * (byteValue And mask),
                           Convert.ToString(byteValue And mask, 2))
        Next
    End Sub

    Private Function CreateArray(ParamArray values() As Object) As ByteString()
        Dim byteStrings As New List(Of ByteString)
        For Each value As Object In values
            Dim temp As New ByteString()
            Dim sign As Integer = Math.Sign(value)
            temp.Sign = sign
            ' Change two's complement to magnitude-only representation.
            value = value * sign

            temp.Value = Convert.ToString(value, 16)
            byteStrings.Add(temp)
        Next
        Return byteStrings.ToArray()
    End Function
End Module
' The example displays the following output:
'       -15 (1111) And 20 (10100) = 4 (100)
'       123 (1111011) And 20 (10100) = 16 (10000)
'       245 (11110101) And 20 (10100) = 20 (10100)

Keamanan Thread

Semua anggota jenis ini aman utas. Anggota yang tampaknya mengubah status instans benar-benar mengembalikan instans baru yang diinisialisasi dengan nilai baru. Seperti halnya jenis lain, membaca dan menulis ke variabel bersama yang berisi instans jenis ini harus dilindungi oleh kunci untuk menjamin keamanan utas.

Lihat juga

• SByte
• IComparable
• IFormattable
• IConvertible
• Sampel: Utilitas Pemformatan .NET Core WinForms (C#)
• Sampel: Utilitas Pemformatan .NET Core WinForms (Visual Basic)