Konfigurasi MSAL Angular

MSAL untuk Angular dapat dikonfigurasi dengan berbagai cara. Artikel ini menjelaskan opsi konfigurasi yang tersedia untuk MSAL Angular, termasuk pendekatan statis dan dinamis, dan menyediakan sampel kode untuk mengintegrasikan autentikasi ke dalam aplikasi Anda. Gunakan panduan ini untuk memilih metode konfigurasi yang paling sesuai dengan persyaratan aplikasi Anda dan memberikan pengalaman masuk yang mulus bagi pengguna Anda.

Opsi Konfigurasi

@azure/msal-angular menerima tiga objek konfigurasi:

  1. Konfigurasi: Ini adalah objek konfigurasi yang sama yang digunakan untuk pustaka inti @azure/msal-browser . Semua opsi konfigurasi dapat ditemukan di sini.
  2. MsalGuardConfiguration: Serangkaian opsi khusus untuk penjaga Angular.
  3. MsalInterceptorConfiguration: Sekumpulan opsi khusus untuk pencegat Angular.

Konfigurasi khusus Angular

  • interactionType harus ditentukan pada MsalGuardConfiguration dan MsalInterceptorConfiguration, dan dapat disetel ke Popup atau Redirect.
  • Objek protectedResourceMap pada MsalInterceptorConfiguration digunakan untuk melindungi rute.
  • Objek opsional authRequest dapat ditentukan pada MsalGuardConfiguration dan MsalInterceptorConfiguration untuk mengatur opsi tambahan.
  • String opsional loginFailedRoute dapat diatur pada MsalGuardConfiguration. Msal Guard akan mengarahkan ke rute ini jika proses masuk diperlukan tetapi gagal.

Silakan lihat dokumen MsalInterceptor dan MsalGuard kami untuk detail selengkapnya tentang konfigurasi, penggunaan, dan perbedaan MSAL Angular v1.

Konfigurasi untuk pengalihan

Sebaiknya impor MsalRedirectComponent dan lakukan bootstrap dengan AppComponent jika Anda ingin menggunakan pengalihan. Silakan lihat dokumentasi pengalihan untuk detail selengkapnya.

Catatan: Pada MSAL v3.x, inisialisasi objek aplikasi sekarang diperlukan. Lihat panduan peningkatan v2-v3 untuk detail selengkapnya. Untuk detail tentang peningkatan ke MSAL Angular v5, lihat panduan peningkatan v4-v5.

MsalModule.forRoot

Kelas MsalModule berisi metode statis yang dapat dipanggil dalam file Anda app.module.ts :

import { NgModule } from "@angular/core";
import { HTTP_INTERCEPTORS } from "@angular/common/http";
import { AppComponent } from "./app.component";
import { MsalModule, MsalService, MsalGuard, MsalInterceptor, MsalBroadcastService, MsalRedirectComponent } from "@azure/msal-angular";
import { PublicClientApplication, InteractionType, BrowserCacheLocation } from "@azure/msal-browser";

@NgModule({
  imports: [
    MsalModule.forRoot(
      new PublicClientApplication({
        // MSAL Configuration
        auth: {
          clientId: "clientid",
          authority: "https://login.microsoftonline.com/common/",
          redirectUri: "http://localhost:4200/",
          postLogoutRedirectUri: "http://localhost:4200/",
        },
        cache: {
          cacheLocation: BrowserCacheLocation.LocalStorage,
        },
        system: {
          loggerOptions: {
            loggerCallback: () => {},
            piiLoggingEnabled: false,
          },
        },
      }),
      {
        interactionType: InteractionType.Popup, // MSAL Guard Configuration
        authRequest: {
          scopes: ["user.read"],
        },
        loginFailedRoute: "/login-failed",
      },
      {
        interactionType: InteractionType.Redirect, // MSAL Interceptor Configuration
        protectedResourceMap,
      }
    ),
  ],
  providers: [
    {
      provide: HTTP_INTERCEPTORS,
      useClass: MsalInterceptor,
      multi: true,
    },
    MsalGuard,
  ],
  bootstrap: [AppComponent, MsalRedirectComponent],
})
export class AppModule {}

Penyedia Pabrik

Anda juga dapat menyediakan opsi konfigurasi melalui penyedia pabrik.

import { MsalModule, MsalService, MsalInterceptor, MsalInterceptorConfiguration, MsalGuard, MsalGuardConfiguration, MsalBroadcastService, MsalRedirectComponent } from "@azure/msal-angular";
import { IPublicClientApplication, PublicClientApplication, InteractionType, BrowserCacheLocation } from "@azure/msal-browser";

export function MSALInstanceFactory(): IPublicClientApplication {
  return new PublicClientApplication({
    auth: {
      clientId: "00001111-aaaa-2222-bbbb-3333cccc4444",
      redirectUri: "http://localhost:4200",
      postLogoutRedirectUri: "http://localhost:4200",
    },
    cache: {
      cacheLocation: BrowserCacheLocation.LocalStorage,
    },
  });
}

export function MSALInterceptorConfigFactory(): MsalInterceptorConfiguration {
  const protectedResourceMap = new Map<string, Array<string>>();
  protectedResourceMap.set("https://graph.microsoft.com/v1.0/me", ["user.read"]);

  return {
    interactionType: InteractionType.Redirect,
    protectedResourceMap,
  };
}

export function MSALGuardConfigFactory(): MsalGuardConfiguration {
  return {
    interactionType: InteractionType.Redirect,
    authRequest: {
      scopes: ["user.read"],
    },
    loginFailedRoute: "./login-failed",
  };
}

@NgModule({
  imports: [MsalModule],
  providers: [
    {
      provide: HTTP_INTERCEPTORS,
      useClass: MsalInterceptor,
      multi: true,
    },
    {
      provide: MSAL_INSTANCE,
      useFactory: MSALInstanceFactory,
    },
    {
      provide: MSAL_GUARD_CONFIG,
      useFactory: MSALGuardConfigFactory,
    },
    {
      provide: MSAL_INTERCEPTOR_CONFIG,
      useFactory: MSALInterceptorConfigFactory,
    },
    MsalGuard,
    MsalBroadcastService,
    MsalService,
  ],
  bootstrap: [AppComponent, MsalRedirectComponent],
})
export class AppModule {}

platformBrowserDynamic

Jika Anda perlu mengonfigurasi MSAL Angular secara dinamis (misalnya berdasarkan nilai yang dikembalikan dari API), Anda dapat menggunakan platformBrowserDynamic. platformBrowserDynamic adalah factory platform yang digunakan untuk melakukan bootstrap pada aplikasi dan dapat menerima opsi konfigurasi. platformBrowserDynamic harus sudah ada ketika aplikasi Angular disiapkan.

Berikut ini adalah contoh cara mengonfigurasi @azure/msal-angular secara dinamis dengan platformBrowserDynamic dan file json:

app.module.ts

import { MsalModule, MsalInterceptor, MsalService } from "@azure/msal-angular";

@NgModule({
  imports: [MsalModule],
  providers: [
    {
      provide: HTTP_INTERCEPTORS,
      useClass: MsalInterceptor,
      multi: true,
    },
    MsalService,
  ],
  bootstrap: [AppComponent],
})
export class AppModule {}

main.ts

import { enableProdMode } from "@angular/core";
import { platformBrowserDynamic } from "@angular/platform-browser-dynamic";

import { AppModule } from "./app/app.module";
import { environment } from "./environments/environment";
import { MSAL_INSTANCE, MSAL_GUARD_CONFIG, MSAL_INTERCEPTOR_CONFIG } from "@azure/msal-angular";
import { PublicClientApplication, Configuration } from "@azure/msal-browser";

if (environment.production) {
  enableProdMode();
}

function loggerCallback(logLevel: LogLevel, message: string) {
  console.log("MSAL Angular: ", message);
}

fetch("/assets/configuration.json")
  .then((response) => response.json())
  .then((json) => {
    platformBrowserDynamic([
      {
        provide: MSAL_INSTANCE,
        useValue: new PublicClientApplication({
          auth: json.msal.auth,
          cache: json.msal.cache,
          system: {
            loggerOptions: {
              loggerCallback,
              logLevel: LogLevel.Info,
              piiLoggingEnabled: false,
            },
          },
        }),
      },
      {
        provide: MSAL_GUARD_CONFIG,
        useValue: {
          interactionType: json.guard.interactionType,
          authRequest: json.guard.authRequest,
          loginFailedRoute: json.guard.loginFailedRoute,
        } as MsalGuardConfiguration,
      },
      {
        provide: MSAL_INTERCEPTOR_CONFIG,
        useValue: {
          interactionType: json.interceptor.interactionType,
          protectedResourceMap: new Map(json.interceptor.protectedResourceMap),
        } as MsalInterceptorConfiguration,
      },
    ])
      .bootstrapModule(AppModule)
      .catch((err) => console.error(err));
  });

src/assets/configuration.json

{
  "msal": {
    "auth": {
      "clientId": "clientid",
      "authority": "https://login.microsoftonline.com/common/",
      "redirectUri": "http://localhost:4200/",
      "postLogoutRedirectUri": "http://localhost:4200/",
      "navigateToLoginRequestUrl": true
    },
    "cache": {
      "cacheLocation": "localStorage",
      "storeAuthStateInCookie": true
    }
  },
  "guard": {
    "interactionType": "redirect",
    "authRequest": {
      "scopes": ["user.read"]
    },
    "loginFailedRoute": "/login-failed"
  },
  "interceptor": {
    "interactionType": "redirect",
    "protectedResourceMap": [["https://graph.microsoft.com/v1.0/me", ["user.read"]]]
  }
}

Konfigurasi dinamis menggunakan provider factory dan APP_INITIALIZER

Untuk mengonfigurasi MSAL Angular secara dinamis, Anda dapat menggunakan Factory Provider dengan APP_INITIALIZER.

src/app/config.service.ts

import { Injectable } from "@angular/core";
import { HttpClient, HttpBackend } from "@angular/common/http";
import { map } from "rxjs/operators";

@Injectable({
  providedIn: "root",
})
export class ConfigService {
  private settings: any;
  private http: HttpClient;

  constructor(private readonly httpHandler: HttpBackend) {
    this.http = new HttpClient(httpHandler);
  }

  init(endpoint: string): Promise<boolean> {
    return new Promise<boolean>((resolve, reject) => {
      this.http
        .get(endpoint)
        .pipe(map((result) => result))
        .subscribe(
          (value) => {
            this.settings = value;
            resolve(true);
          },
          (error) => {
            reject(error);
          }
        );
    });
  }

  getSettings(key?: string | Array<string>): any {
    if (!key || (Array.isArray(key) && !key[0])) {
      return this.settings;
    }

    if (!Array.isArray(key)) {
      key = key.split(".");
    }

    let result = key.reduce((account: any, current: string) => account && account[current], this.settings);

    return result;
  }
}

src/app/msal-config-dynamic.module.ts

import { InjectionToken, NgModule, APP_INITIALIZER } from "@angular/core";
import { IPublicClientApplication, PublicClientApplication, LogLevel } from "@azure/msal-browser";
import { MsalGuard, MsalInterceptor, MsalBroadcastService, MsalInterceptorConfiguration, MsalModule, MsalService, MSAL_GUARD_CONFIG, MSAL_INSTANCE, MSAL_INTERCEPTOR_CONFIG, MsalGuardConfiguration } from "@azure/msal-angular";
import { HTTP_INTERCEPTORS } from "@angular/common/http";
import { ConfigService } from "./config.service";

const AUTH_CONFIG_URL_TOKEN = new InjectionToken<string>("AUTH_CONFIG_URL");

export function initializerFactory(env: ConfigService, configUrl: string): any {
  const promise = env.init(configUrl).then((value) => {
    console.log("finished getting configurations dynamically.");
  });
  return () => promise;
}

export function loggerCallback(logLevel: LogLevel, message: string) {
  console.log(message);
}

export function MSALInstanceFactory(config: ConfigService): IPublicClientApplication {
  return new PublicClientApplication({
    auth: config.getSettings("msal").auth,
    cache: config.getSettings("msal").cache,
    system: {
      loggerOptions: {
        loggerCallback,
        logLevel: LogLevel.Info,
        piiLoggingEnabled: false,
      },
    },
  });
}

export function MSALInterceptorConfigFactory(config: ConfigService): MsalInterceptorConfiguration {
  const protectedResourceMap = new Map<string, Array<string>>(config.getSettings("interceptor").protectedResourceMap);

  return {
    interactionType: config.getSettings("interceptor").interactionType,
    protectedResourceMap,
  };
}

export function MSALGuardConfigFactory(config: ConfigService): MsalGuardConfiguration {
  return {
    interactionType: config.getSettings("guard").interactionType,
    authRequest: config.getSettings("guard").authRequest,
    loginFailedRoute: config.getSettings("guard").loginFailedRoute,
  };
}

@NgModule({
  providers: [],
  imports: [MsalModule],
})
export class MsalConfigDynamicModule {
  static forRoot(configFile: string) {
    return {
      ngModule: MsalConfigDynamicModule,
      providers: [
        ConfigService,
        { provide: AUTH_CONFIG_URL_TOKEN, useValue: configFile },
        { provide: APP_INITIALIZER, useFactory: initializerFactory, deps: [ConfigService, AUTH_CONFIG_URL_TOKEN], multi: true },
        {
          provide: MSAL_INSTANCE,
          useFactory: MSALInstanceFactory,
          deps: [ConfigService],
        },
        {
          provide: MSAL_GUARD_CONFIG,
          useFactory: MSALGuardConfigFactory,
          deps: [ConfigService],
        },
        {
          provide: MSAL_INTERCEPTOR_CONFIG,
          useFactory: MSALInterceptorConfigFactory,
          deps: [ConfigService],
        },
        MsalService,
        MsalGuard,
        MsalBroadcastService,
        {
          provide: HTTP_INTERCEPTORS,
          useClass: MsalInterceptor,
          multi: true,
        },
      ],
    };
  }
}

src/app/app.module.ts

import { BrowserModule } from "@angular/platform-browser";
import { BrowserAnimationsModule } from "@angular/platform-browser/animations";
import { NgModule } from "@angular/core";

import { MatButtonModule } from "@angular/material/button";
import { MatToolbarModule } from "@angular/material/toolbar";
import { MatListModule } from "@angular/material/list";

import { AppRoutingModule } from "./app-routing.module";
import { AppComponent } from "./app.component";
import { HomeComponent } from "./home/home.component";
import { ProfileComponent } from "./profile/profile.component";

import { HttpClientModule } from "@angular/common/http";
import { MsalRedirectComponent } from "@azure/msal-angular";
import { DetailComponent } from "./detail/detail.component";
import { MsalConfigDynamicModule } from "./msal-config-dynamic.module";

@NgModule({
  declarations: [AppComponent, HomeComponent, ProfileComponent, DetailComponent],
  imports: [BrowserModule, BrowserAnimationsModule, AppRoutingModule, MatButtonModule, MatToolbarModule, MatListModule, HttpClientModule, MsalConfigDynamicModule.forRoot("assets/configuration.json")],
  providers: [],
  bootstrap: [AppComponent, MsalRedirectComponent],
})
export class AppModule {}

src/assets/configuration.json

{
  "msal": {
    "auth": {
      "clientId": "clientid",
      "authority": "https://login.microsoftonline.com/common/",
      "redirectUri": "http://localhost:4200/",
      "postLogoutRedirectUri": "http://localhost:4200/",
      "navigateToLoginRequestUrl": true
    },
    "cache": {
      "cacheLocation": "localStorage",
      "storeAuthStateInCookie": true
    }
  },
  "guard": {
    "interactionType": "redirect",
    "authRequest": {
      "scopes": ["user.read"]
    },
    "loginFailedRoute": "/login-failed"
  },
  "interceptor": {
    "interactionType": "redirect",
    "protectedResourceMap": [["https://graph.microsoft.com/v1.0/me", ["user.read"]]]
  }
}

MsalGuard - Permintaan autentikasi dinamis

MsalGuard juga memungkinkan Anda mengubah authRequest secara dinamis saat runtime. Ini memungkinkan Anda memilih otoritas yang berbeda untuk rute, atau secara dinamis menambahkan cakupan berdasarkan RouterStateSnapshot.

export function MSALGuardConfigFactory(): MsalGuardConfiguration {
  return {
    interactionType: InteractionType.Redirect,
    authRequest: (authService, state) => {
      return {
        scopes: state.root.url.some((x) => x.path === "calendar") ? ["user.read", "	Calendars.Read"] : ["user.read"],
      };
    },
    loginFailedRoute: "./login-failed",
  };
}

Konfigurasi untuk aplikasi Angular dengan komponen mandiri

Aplikasi Angular yang menggunakan komponen mandiri dapat menggunakan factory provider seperti di atas dalam file app.config.ts, yang kemudian diimpor ke main.ts untuk proses bootstrap.

Silakan lihat Sampel Angular Standalone kami untuk penggunaan.

// app.config.ts
import { ApplicationConfig, importProvidersFrom } from "@angular/core";
import { provideRouter } from "@angular/router";
import { routes } from "./app.routes";
import { BrowserModule } from "@angular/platform-browser";
import { provideHttpClient, withInterceptorsFromDi, HTTP_INTERCEPTORS, withFetch, withInterceptors } from "@angular/common/http";
import { provideNoopAnimations } from "@angular/platform-browser/animations";
import { IPublicClientApplication, PublicClientApplication, InteractionType, BrowserCacheLocation, LogLevel } from "@azure/msal-browser";
import { MsalInterceptor, MSAL_INSTANCE, MsalInterceptorConfiguration, MsalGuardConfiguration, MSAL_GUARD_CONFIG, MSAL_INTERCEPTOR_CONFIG, MsalService, MsalGuard, MsalBroadcastService } from "@azure/msal-angular";

export function loggerCallback(logLevel: LogLevel, message: string) {
  console.log(message);
}

export function MSALInstanceFactory(): IPublicClientApplication {
  return new PublicClientApplication({
    auth: {
      clientId: "clientid",
      authority: "https://login.microsoftonline.com/common/",
      redirectUri: "/",
      postLogoutRedirectUri: "/",
    },
    cache: {
      cacheLocation: BrowserCacheLocation.LocalStorage,
    },
    system: {
      allowPlatformBroker: false, // Disables WAM Broker
      loggerOptions: {
        loggerCallback,
        logLevel: LogLevel.Info,
        piiLoggingEnabled: false,
      },
    },
  });
}

export function MSALInterceptorConfigFactory(): MsalInterceptorConfiguration {
  const protectedResourceMap = new Map<string, Array<string>>();
  protectedResourceMap.set("https://graph.microsoft.com/v1.0/me", ["user.read"]);

  return {
    interactionType: InteractionType.Redirect,
    protectedResourceMap,
  };
}

export function MSALGuardConfigFactory(): MsalGuardConfiguration {
  return {
    interactionType: InteractionType.Redirect,
    authRequest: {
      scopes: ["user.read"],
    },
    loginFailedRoute: "/login-failed",
  };
}

export const appConfig: ApplicationConfig = {
  providers: [
    provideRouter(routes),
    importProvidersFrom(BrowserModule),
    provideNoopAnimations(),
    provideHttpClient(withInterceptorsFromDi(), withFetch()),
    {
      provide: HTTP_INTERCEPTORS,
      useClass: MsalInterceptor,
      multi: true,
    },
    {
      provide: MSAL_INSTANCE,
      useFactory: MSALInstanceFactory,
    },
    {
      provide: MSAL_GUARD_CONFIG,
      useFactory: MSALGuardConfigFactory,
    },
    {
      provide: MSAL_INTERCEPTOR_CONFIG,
      useFactory: MSALInterceptorConfigFactory,
    },
    MsalService,
    MsalGuard,
    MsalBroadcastService,
  ],
};
// main.ts
import { bootstrapApplication } from "@angular/platform-browser";
import { appConfig } from "./app/app.config";
import { AppComponent } from "./app/app.component";

bootstrapApplication(AppComponent, appConfig).catch((err) => console.error(err));